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Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
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  1. How do witnesses make identification decisions when viewing a lineup? Understanding the witness decision-making process is essential for researchers to develop methods that can reduce mistaken identifications and...

    Authors: Yueran Yang, Janice L. Burke and Justice Healy
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:54
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  2. In military operations, rapid and accurate decision-making is crucial, especially in visually complex and high-pressure environments. This study investigates how eye and head movement metrics can infer changes...

    Authors: Anthony J. Ries, Chloe Callahan-Flintoft, Anna Madison, Louis Dankovich and Jonathan Touryan
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:53
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  3. There is ample evidence from cognitive sciences and neurosciences studies that multisensory stimuli are detected better and faster than their unisensory counterparts. Yet, most of this work has been conducted ...

    Authors: Angelo G. Gaillet, Clara Suied, Gabriel Arnold and Marine Taffou
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:52
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  4. This paper looks at how process-based spatial ability and attention measures taken within a high-stakes battery used to select pilots in the US Navy compare to lab-based measures of the same constructs. Proces...

    Authors: Joseph T. Coyne, Laura Jamison, Kaylin Strong, Ciara Sibley, Cyrus Foroughi and Sarah Melick
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:51
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  5. In today's digital world, understanding refresh-rate implications on visual perception and energy consumption is crucial. While high refresh rates enhance motion perception and user experience, they also incre...

    Authors: Jieun Cho, Jeunghwan Choi, Cheongil Kim, Jeong Hyeon Park and Sang Chul Chong
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:50
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  6. Visual search performance is a critical factor in many high-stakes duties, warranting the need for strategies to enhance target detection accuracy. Research using rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of sti...

    Authors: Krystina Diaz, Mark W. Becker, Chad Peltier and Jeffrey B. Bolkhovsky
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:49
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  7. Spatial navigation relies on extracting environmental information to determine where to go. To support navigation behavior, navigational aids, such as maps, compasses, or global positioning systems (GPSs), off...

    Authors: Ece Yüksel, Zachary Boogaart and Steven M. Weisberg
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:48
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  8. This work examines the influence of clutter when presenting information with a head-mounted display (HMD). We compare clutter costs when displays overlay a real-world scene to the costs of visual scanning requ...

    Authors: Amelia C. Warden, Christopher D. Wickens, Daniel Rehberg, Benjamin A. Clegg and Francisco R. Ortega
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:47
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  9. Remembering information about others is important but challenging in various social contexts. For instance, in long-term collaborative educational settings, students often need to choose peers for academic sup...

    Authors: Oktay Ülker and Daniel Bodemer
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:46
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  10. Social attention can be defined as the tendency to orient attentional resources in response to spatial cues provided by others, such as their gaze or head direction. This mechanism is essential for navigating ...

    Authors: Mario Dalmaso, Anna Lorenzoni, Giovanni Galfano, Marta Riva and Luigi Castelli
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:45
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  11. Although it is commonly believed that automation aids human decision-making, conflicting evidence raises questions about whether individuals would gain greater advantages from automation in difficult tasks. Ou...

    Authors: Hanshu Zhang, Ran Zhou, Cheng-You Cheng, Sheng-Hsu Huang, Ming-Hui Cheng and Cheng-Ta Yang
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:44
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  12. Classical two-dimensional multiple object tracking (2D-MOT) measures the cognitive ability to track multiple moving elements in real-life-like scenarios. Stereo-three-dimensional MOT (S-3D-MOT), a more ecologi...

    Authors: Xiang Che, Jiayue Ma, Yu Zhang, Chen Zhou, Qian Zhou, Kun Zhang, Jijun Lan, Qi Hui and Jie Li
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:43
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  13. “Motor fluency” refers to the ease with which an action can be performed and several studies have shown how it can modulate various cognitive processes, such as memory and decision making. To investigate these...

    Authors: Mara Stockner, Giuliana Mazzoni and Francesco Ianì
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:42
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  16. Misinformation exposure can cause inaccurate beliefs and memories. These unwanted outcomes can be mitigated when misinformation reminders—veracity-labeled statements that repeat earlier-read false information—...

    Authors: Bayley M. Wellons and Christopher N. Wahlheim
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:39
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  17. Images generated using artificial intelligence (AI) have become increasingly realistic, sparking discussions and fears about an impending “infodemic” where we can no longer trust what we see on the internet. I...

    Authors: Sean Guo, Briony Swire-Thompson and Xiaoqing Hu
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:38
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  18. Although the “eye-mind link” hypothesis posits that eye movements provide a direct window into cognitive processing, linking eye movements to specific cognitions in real-world settings remains challenging. Thi...

    Authors: Madison Lee Mason, Caleb Vatral, Clayton Cohn, Eduardo Davalos, Mary Ann Jessee, Gautam Biswas and Daniel T. Levin
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:37
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  19. While decades of research have deepened our understanding of time perception, the perception of (manipulated) video speed has been relatively underexplored but is gaining interest with recent technological adv...

    Authors: Verena Steinhof, Anna Schroeger, Roman Liepelt and Laura Sperl
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:36
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  20. Technological advances mean that it is now possible to represent the entire 360° view of the horizon to a submarine periscope operator simultaneously, in strips on a single display, as opposed to the restricte...

    Authors: Jason Bell, Zachary Howard, Stephen Pond, Troy Visser, Madison Fitzgerald, Megan Schmitt, Shayne Loft and Steph Michailovs
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:35
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  21. The aim of the present study was to test the replicability of the text generation effect for learning with expository texts while systematically varying contextual factors that—based on extant literature—can b...

    Authors: Julia Schindler and Tobias Richter
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:34
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  22. From video games to laparoscopic surgeries, differences in users’ abilities to adapt to new control schemes can have significant, even deadly impacts on performance. Starting with the question of why some vide...

    Authors: Jennifer E. Corbett and Jaap Munneke
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:33
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  23. Numerate people tend to make more informed judgments and decisions because they are more risk literate (i.e., better able to evaluate and understand risk). Do numeracy skills also help people understand regula...

    Authors: Olivia D. Perrin, Jinhyo Cho, Edward T. Cokely, Jinan N. Allan, Adam Feltz and Rocio Garcia-Retamero
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:32
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  24. Cross-dimensional interference between spatial and temporal processing provides valuable insights into the neuronal representation of space and time. Previous research has frequently found asymmetric interfere...

    Authors: Johanna Bogon, Cindy Jagorska, Ella Maria Heinz and Martin Riemer
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:31
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  25. Low target prevalence affects perceptual decisions on both simple and complex stimuli. Without prior knowledge of how often targets may appear, trial-by-trial accuracy feedback modulates the effects of low pre...

    Authors: Wanyi Lyu, Jennifer S. Trueblood and Jeremy M. Wolfe
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:30
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  26. As automation becomes increasingly integrated into complex military tasks, its role in supporting human performance under fatigue warrants careful evaluation. A specific military use case in which automatic ta...

    Authors: Max Kailler Smith, Amelia R. Kracinovich, Brandon J. Schrom and Timothy L. Dunn
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:29
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  27. In face processing, an own-age recognition advantage has frequently been reported whereby observers are better at recognizing faces of their own compared to other age groups. We wanted to know whether own-age ...

    Authors: Valeriia Vyshnevetska, Nathalie Giroud, Meike Ramon and Volker Dellwo
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:28
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  28. Even though successful navigation is vital for survival, individuals vary widely in their navigation skills. Researchers have examined the correlates of such variation using a wide variety of paradigms. Howeve...

    Authors: Jacob L. Lader, Kim V. Nguyen and Nora S. Newcombe
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:27
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  29. Multitasking abilities are vital for conducting flight missions. Traditional theories of multitasking suggest that cognitive resources represent a determining factor of said performance. The current study take...

    Authors: Sophie-Marie Stasch, Wolfgang Mack and Yannik Hilla
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:26
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  30. Previous studies suggested that social anxiety is associated with interpretation bias, theory of mind deficit, and eye gaze avoidance when identifying facial emotions. We tested the hypothesis that socially an...

    Authors: Jackie Wai Yi Wo, Weiyan Liao and Janet Hui-wen Hsiao
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:25
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  31. Whether or not it is possible to predict military performance using laboratory measures constitutes an important question. There are indications that humans possess a common multitasking ability enabling them ...

    Authors: Yannik Hilla, Maximilian Stefani, Elisabeth V. C. Friedrich and Wolfgang Mack
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:24
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  32. The pervasive nature of media multitasking in the last fifteen years has sparked extensive research, revealing a nuanced but predominantly negative association with executive function. Given the cognitive dema...

    Authors: Scott Marriner, Julie Cantelon, Wade R. Elmore, Seth Elkin-Frankston and Nathan Ward
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:23
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  33. In today's rapid dissemination of information, discerning truth from falsehood is crucial. We investigated how cues signaling information veracity influence memory accuracy and confidence in coherent narrative...

    Authors: Nicole Antes, Stephan Schwan and Markus Huff
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:22
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  34. In present-day digital environments, people frequently encounter content from sources of questionable trustworthiness. Advertising is an untrustworthy source because its purpose is to persuade consumers rather...

    Authors: Raoul Bell, Lena Nadarevic, Laura Mieth and Axel Buchner
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:21
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  35. Advances in technology have enabled museum curators to employ equipment that can measure visitors’ physiological responses, offering a means to monitor these responses, while, at the same time, potentially eng...

    Authors: Nicola Vasta, Margherita Andrao, Barbara Treccani, Denis Isaia and Claudio Mulatti
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:20
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  37. Autobiographical remembering may undergo significant transformations in the digital age, in which the omnipresence of digital tools has led to an increased density of recorded life episodes. To gain deeper ins...

    Authors: Fabian Hutmacher, Beate Conrad, Markus Appel and Stephan Schwan
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:18
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  38. Cognitive load occurs when the demands of a task surpass the available processing capacity, straining mental resources and potentially impairing performance efficiency, such as increasing the number of errors ...

    Authors: Shari Cavicchi, Abdulaziz Abubshait, Giulia Siri, Magda Mustile and Francesca Ciardo
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:17
    Content type: Review article Published on:

  39. Predicting quitting rules is critical in visual search: Did I search enough for a cancer nodule in a breast X-ray or a threat in a baggage airport scanner? This study examines the predictive power of search or...

    Authors: Marcos Bella-Fernández, Manuel Suero Suñé, Alicia Ferrer-Mendieta and Beatriz Gil-Gómez de Liaño
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:16
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  40. Data visualizations play a crucial role in communicating patterns in quantitative data, making data visualization literacy a key target of STEM education. However, it is currently unclear to what degree differ...

    Authors: Erik Brockbank, Arnav Verma, Hannah Lloyd, Holly Huey, Lace Padilla and Judith E. Fan
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:15
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  41. Humans usually adjust their attentional mode to tackle the challenges posed by environmental inputs. Depending on the uncertainty level, different attentional strategies may be adopted. As people face increasi...

    Authors: Fangshu Yao and Bin Zhou
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:14
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  42. Non-rigid spatial thinking, or mental transformations where the distance between two points in an object changes (e.g., folding, breaking, bending), is required for many STEM fields but remains critically unde...

    Authors: Grace Bennett-Pierre, Thomas F. Shipley, Nora S. Newcombe and Elizabeth A. Gunderson
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:13
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  43. False alarming, or detecting an error when there is not one, is a pervasive problem across numerous industries. The present study investigated the role of elaboration, or additional information about non-error...

    Authors: Lauren A. Mason, Abigail Miller, Gregory Hughes and Holly A. Taylor
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:12
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  44. Auditory alarm deafness is a failure to notice a salient auditory signal in a high-load context, which is one of the major causes of flight accidents. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for aviat...

    Authors: Rongjuan Zhu, Xiaoliang Ma, Ziyu Wang, Qi Hui and Xuqun You
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:11
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  45. Existing toolkits for analyzing movement dynamics in animal ecology primarily focus on individual or group behavior in habitats without predefined boundaries, while methods for studying human activity often ca...

    Authors: Seth Elkin-Frankston, James McIntyre, Tad T. Brunyé, Aaron L. Gardony, Clifford L. Hancock, Meghan P. O’Donovan, Victoria G. Bode and Eric L. Miller
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:10
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  46. Being able to notice that a cause–effect relation is getting stronger or weaker is important for adapting to one’s environment and deciding how to use the cause in the future. We conducted an experiment in whi...

    Authors: Benjamin M. Rottman and Yiwen Zhang
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:9
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  47. In two experiments, we examine how features of an imperfect automated decision aid influence compliance with the aid in a simplified, simulated nautical collision avoidance task. Experiment 1 examined the impa...

    Authors: Rebecca L. Pharmer, Christopher D. Wickens and Benjamin A. Clegg
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:8
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  48. In contexts where people lack prior knowledge and risk awareness—such as the COVID-19 pandemic—even truthful visualizations of data can seem surprising. This can lead people to mistrust the veracity of the dat...

    Authors: Madison Fansher, Logan Walls, Chenxu Hao, Hari Subramonyam, Aysecan Boduroglu, Priti Shah and Jessica K. Witt
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:7
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  49. People navigate in various types of spaces, including indoor and outdoor environments. These differ in availability of navigational cues, such as distal landmarks, clear boundaries, and regular grid structures...

    Authors: Alexis Topete, Chuanxiuyue He and Mary Hegarty
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:6
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  50. It is well established that performing multiple tasks simultaneously (dual-tasking) or sequentially (task-switching) degrades performance on one or both tasks. However, it is unknown whether task-switching add...

    Authors: Piesie A. G. Asuako, Robert Stojan, Otmar Bock, Melanie Mack and Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
    Citation: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications 2025 10:5
    Content type: Original article Published on:
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